密度和施氮量对啤酒大麦氮素吸收利用及籽粒蛋白质含量的影响

Effect of Density and N Fertilizer on Nitrogen Uptake and Protein Content of Beer Barley

为了给啤酒大麦优质高产栽培提供参考,选用甘啤4号为供试材料,采用裂区试验设计,主区为种植密度,设325万株·hm-2(D325)、375万株·hm-2(D375)和425万株·hm-2(D425)三个水平;副区为施氮量,设0(N0)、75kg·hm-2(N75)、150kg·hm-2(N150)、225kg·hm-2(N225)和300kg·hm-2(N300)五个水平,研究了密度和施氮量对啤酒大麦氮素积累、利用及籽粒蛋白质含量的影响。结果表明,种植密度仅对氮素利用效率有显著性影响,且随着密度增大氮素利用效率也增大。施氮量对籽粒清蛋白和球蛋白含量影响不显著,对植株氮素浓度、产量及籽粒醇溶蛋白含量等影响均达显著水平;随着施氮量增加,植株氮素浓度和氮素积累量均表现为先增大后减小,且均在N225处理达到最大;产量(y)随施氮量增加而增加,且与施氮量(x)可建立二次方程:y=-0.003x2+5.846 6x+2 748.7(R2=0.966 5);氮素吸收效率、氮素利用效率和氮素收获指数与施氮量均呈极显著的负相关,相关系数分别为-0.97、-0.95和-0.96;氮肥生理利用率、表观利用率和农艺利用率也在不同种植密度和施氮处理下存在差异;籽粒总蛋白、醇溶蛋白和谷蛋白含量与施氮量呈显著正相关,相关系数分别为0.99、0.97和0.99。种植密度和施氮量的互作对氮素利用效率、氮素收获指数和醇溶蛋白含量有显著影响,对其余指标的影响均不显著。

In order to provide theory basis for high quality and high yield of beer barley cultivation,Ganpi-4was selected as material,with split plot experiment design,including three planting density（325,375 and 425million shares·hm-2）as main block and five levels of nitrogen（0,75,150,225and300kg·hm-2）as split block.The effects of density and N application rate on beer barley N accumulation and utilization and the influence of the grain protein content was studied.The result showed thatplanting density only had a significant effect on nitrogen use efficiency.As the density increases,nitrogen use efficiency was also increased.The effect of N application rate on albumin and globulin was not significant,but that on plant nitrogen concentration,yield and gliadin was significant.With the increase of N application rate,plant nitrogen concentration and nitrogen accumulation increased first and then decreasd,and reached the maximum under the N225 treatment.Yield（y）increased with the increase of N application rate（x）with a quadratic equation：y=-0.003x2＋5.846 6x＋2 748.7（R2=0.966 5）.N application rate had significantly negative correlation relationship with N uptake efficiency,N use efficiency and N harvest index.Nitrogen physiological utilization,apparent utilization and agronomic utilization also varied under different density and nitrogen treatments.N application rate had significantly positive correlation relationship with grain total protein,gliadin and protein,with the correlation coefficient as 0.99,0.97 and 0.99.The interaction between planting densities and N application rate had significant effects on nitrogen utilization efficiency,nitrogen harvest index and gliadin proteins,but had no significant effect on the rest of the indicators.