理解问责制度的三个视角及其相互关系

Three Perspectives for Research on Accountability and the Interrelationships

问责之所以重要,是因为它被寄予了实现治理承诺的期望,即控制、民主和绩效。实现权力控制的问责防止权力形成专制,约束和控制公共机构滥用权力;实现民主价值的问责确保公共行政在致力于民主规范和价值的治理体系中运行,实现公共政策和项目合法性;实现绩效持续提升的问责确保公共政策的实施结果有效益,政府管理能够满足社会公众对执政绩效的期待。每一种问责视角都存在理想模型和现实可能产生的病理现象,而且三者之间相互交织,共同构成一个三维的立体分析框架,映射现实中的每一种问责制度。问责制"立方"为理解、分析、设计和安排具体的问责制度提供了一个可通约性的框架。

Accountability is essential because it has the capacity to bring about the three things we require of governance today -efficient control, democratic legitimacy, and effective performance. Accountability helps to withstand the tendency toward power concentration and abuse of powers, to assure that the government operates within a system of governance defined by its commitment to democratic norms and values that give public programs and policies legitimacy, to ensure that the outcomes of these programs and policies are effective and satisfy the expectations of a wide range of stakeholders. Accountability in every perspective has its idealized model and pathology. The three perspectives, correlative to one another, have formed a three - dimensional framework in which every accountability fixes its position. This accountability cube is helpful for researching, analyzing and designing specific accountability.