京津冀雾霾时空分布特征及其相关性研究

The Spatial and Temporal Variation of Haze and Its Relativity in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region

京津冀地区是雾霾频发的典型区,研究该地区雾霾的时空分布特征及其规律,对防治雾霾意义重大。对2013年12月至2014年11月的PM2.5数据分析表明:1该时段内京津冀雾霾时空分布差异甚大,秋末至初冬PM2.5浓度值骤然增高,空间范围由东南向西北不断地扩大。冬末至初春PM2.5浓度值迅速下降,空间范围由西北向东南不断缩小。2该地区处于高压控制下的低温、无风或风力较小的天气,最易形成雾霾。3第二产业能耗与PM2.5浓度关系最为密切,工业能耗与其关系最为显著。4气象要素是雾霾集聚、转移与扩散的重要影响因子,社会经济要素是京津冀雾霾频发的根本性原因。因此,防治雾霾,应该根据不同时间段的气象条件,采取相应措施,而调整能源结构才是治霾的根本所在。

Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region is typical haze-prone area, to research the temporal and spatial distribution of haze in this area and its distributing characteristics has great significance for the prevention of haze. The research showed that ： ① Beijing, Tianjin and north-south distribution of haze during this period varies greatly, late fall to early winter PM2.5 concentration suddenly increased, the spatial extent of constantly expanding from southeast to northwest. Late winter to early spring PM2.5 concentration decreased rapidly shrinking space range from northwest to northeast. ② When the weather is cold high pressure control, no wind or the wind is relatively small, the most vulnerable to the formation of fog haze; ③ The second industrial energy consumption and PM2.5 concentrations closer relationship, especially industrial energy consumption. ④ Meteorological elements are gathering haze, transfer and diffusion of important influencing factors, and socio-economic factors that affect the fundamental reason for Beijing, Tianjin and haze-prone. Therefore, prevention of haze, should be based on weather conditions in different time peri- ods, and to take appropriate preventive measures. The socio-eeonomic factors as the fundamental starting point, the search for effective measures to control the haze.