基于蚁群算法和能耗均衡的改进LEACH协议

Modified LEACH Protocol based on Ant Colony Optimization and Energy Balance

在分布式传感器网络的场景下,结合传统的LEACH协议提出了一种基于有限信道信息的蚁群优化(ACO)路由算法。该算法中传感器节点只需要获取与相邻节点间的信道信息,而不需要了解网络的全局信息,就能够逐步逼近最优路径。在此基础上,提出了一种基于能耗均衡的路由传输方案,有效改善了LEACH协议中簇头节点能耗不均衡的情况。仿真实验表明:基于蚁群算法和能耗均衡的改进路由方案,能够利用局部信息快速搜索到能耗最低的路径,并在传输过程中有效地均衡簇头能耗,从而有效提高了网络生存时间。

Under the scenario of distributed wireless sensor networks, and in combination with the tradition- al LEACH protocol, an ACO （Ant Colony Optimization） routing algorithm based on limited channel infor- mation is proposed. This algorithm, with only a limited neighbor channel information required for each node, and no need for global information, could generally approach the optimal route. In light of this, a route transmit scheme based on load balance is suggested, which could effectively solve the problem of en- ergy consumption unbalance of between the cluster heads in LEACH. Simulation experiments show that the modified routing algorithm based on ACO and energy balance could search for the optimal route in a high speed with local message, and in addition, could effectively balance the energy consumption of between the cluster heads, and prolong the network lifetime.