庄子的“乌托邦”情结及价值关切

On the “Utopia” Complex and Value Orientation of Chuang Tzu

庄子所生活的战国之世,战争四起,人人自危,尔虞我诈,希望泯灭,现实世界与精神世界绝对化地对立起来,挣扎其间的人们不仅身陷世俗之困而且也陷入精神之困。现实生活中没有希望,庄子将目光投向遥远的过去与浪漫的想象,追慕遥远的"乌托邦"成为其心中挥之不去的情结。从历史的维度看,"乌托邦"情结可以说是社会发展的动力之一;从"人"的维度看,"乌托邦"情结不仅给苦难中的人们提供了一个希望,而且也给个体自我生命力的拓展与精神之路的展开提供了一种可能的超越。

Chuang Tzu lived in the Warring States period when wars broke out frequently and everyone felt dangerous and hopeless.At that time the human relations became dishonest.The real world and the spiritual world were completely opposite,and people in the struggle were not only secularly trapped but also spiritually trapped.In real life,as there was no hope,Chuang Tzu would look to the distant past and romantic imagination,so that the pursuit of the distant＂Utopia ＂became a nagging feeling in their hearts.From the historical point of view,＂Utopia＂ complex can be said to be one of the motive forces of social development.From＂human ＂dimension,＂Utopia＂ complex not only provides a hope to people in the suffering,but also provides a probable transcendence of the spiritual way and the expansion of self-vitality.