《水浒传》“忠义观”之辨

A Study of the View toward Loyalty Reflected in Outlaws of the Marsh

长久以来,提起《水浒传》,多数人都会称赞其"替天行道",歌颂其"忠义",这似乎已经形成了一种定论,鲜有人提出质疑。事实上,作者在《水浒传》中所表达的,虽然不乏"忠"和"义",但更多的或者说最主要的却是一种"忠‘利’",即梁山好汉对利益、名利、权利的热衷与追求。事实上,好汉们并没有做到"替天行道",也没有做到"劫富济贫",他们往往重利轻义,而且,忠"利"远甚于"忠义"。

For a long time,when talking about Outlaws of the Marsh,people will praise the heroes who enforced justice on behalf of heaven for their loyalty.This seems to be a conclusion accepted universally.Few people have expressed their doubts.In fact,what the writer has expressed in the novel includes loyalty and righteousness,but more loyalty to interest,that is,these outlaws were keen on interest,fame and power.As a matter fact,they failed to enforce justice on behalf of heaven.And they also failed to offer their plunder to the poor.And they usually valued interest and neglected righteousness.Further,they were loyal more to interest than to righteousness.