青少年背包与脊柱形态异常及背痛研究综述

A Review of Backpack Carriage-induced Morphological Abnormalities of the Spine and Back Pain in Adolescents

为促使人们合理背包并防止背包给人体带来损伤提供理论支撑,采用文献资料法对近30年来国内外学者对青少年背包与脊柱形态异常及背痛的研究成果进行分析。结果表明:背包影响青少年脊柱形态的研究主要集中在不同背包方式对其的影响;背包导致青少年背痛的研究主要集中在背包的不同重量方面;而研究中鲜有针对不同背包位置对这两者影响的报道。结论:背包重量和背包方式的不同均可对青少年的脊柱形态造成影响;背包导致背痛的现象主要出现在中小学生群体,不仅背包重量是引起青少年背痛的重要因素,背包方式也是导致其背痛的不可忽视的因素。

In order to provide theoretical basis of backpack carriage reasonably,and to prevent injuries induced by backpack carriage,the present study has reviewed documents on adolescents＇ morphological abnormalities of the spine and back pain caused by backpack carriage within the past 30 years.The results show that many studies have focused on the influence of different backpack carrying methods on shape of spine,and researches about backpack carriage to back pain focused on different backpack loads.But few studies discussed the different load positions on those two aspects.Conclusions：Both backpack loads and backpack carrying methods have an influence on adolescents＇ spine morphology.The phenomenon of backpack carriage-induced back pain is mainly in school children.Not only backpack loads but also backpack carriage ways are the important factors to lead back pain in adolescents.