黄河水滴灌条件下灌水器堵塞试验研究

Experimental Study on Emitter Clogging under Drip Irrigation with Yellow River Water

通过控制不同环境条件,采用不同型号的滴灌带进行灌水器堵塞室内模拟试验,探索了室内引黄滴灌系统灌水器堵塞的过程和堵塞物的微生物组分。结果表明,在试验可控的环境条件变化范围内,浊度越高,温度越高,滴灌带的额定流量越小,则灌水器出流量下降越快,越容易堵塞,而堵塞导致灌水均匀性变差,灌水均匀度变小,灌水质量变差。堵塞物中均含有细菌总数和叶绿素a,随着水体浊度的增加和温度的升高,堵塞物中细菌总数逐渐增多。黄河水泥沙颗粒物和微生物的共同作用是引起灌水器堵塞的主要原因。

Through indoor drip emitter clogging experiment,different types of drip irrigation belt were applied to explore the processes of emitter clogging of the Yellow River drip irrigation system,along with the microbe component of the blockage.The results indicated that within the capability of present test on the environment condition variation,the reduced rate flow of drip irrigation belt was associated with the higher turbidity and temperature,resulting in a quicker decline of the dripper＇s outflow rate.Thus,the emitter was easier to be clogged,corresponding consequences would be poorer and lower irrigation uniformity,as well as poorer irrigation performance.Besides,bacteria and chlorophyll a were contained in the blockage,and the total amount of bacteria became larger with the enhanced turbidity and temperature of the water body.The interaction between sediment particles and microbes in Yellow River water was the key factor which caused the emitter clogging.