CAR-T细胞的作用机制及其在B淋巴细胞血液恶性肿瘤治疗中的研究进展

Antitumor mechanism of CAR-T cells and their advances in the treatment of hematologic malignancies in B lymphocytes

〔结论〕应用嵌合抗原受体T细胞(chimeric antigen receptor T cell,CAR-T)治疗急性和慢性淋巴细胞白血病、B细胞淋巴瘤,在近期已取得了快速进展。CAR-T细胞是将T细胞受体基因和抗CD19抗体基因嵌合,转染至T细胞,在体外扩增后回输给患者来治疗B淋巴细胞血液恶性肿瘤的新型靶向治疗方法。经过基因改造后的CAR-T细胞的表面具有特异性位点,可以识别B淋巴细胞血液恶性肿瘤中B细胞表面的CD19抗原。CD19抗原的持续刺激可使CAR-T细胞不断增殖活化,有效杀伤肿瘤细胞。本文就嵌合抗原受体(CAR)的结构、CAR-T细胞抗肿瘤作用的机制,及其对B淋巴细胞血液恶性肿瘤的临床应用进行综述。

Application of chimeric antigen receptor T CAR-T chimeric receptor T（ antigen cell） in the treatment of acute and chronic lymphocytic leukemia, B cell lymphoma in the near future has made rapid progress. CAR-T cell is the T cell receptor gene and anti CD19 antibody gene chimeric, transfected to T cells, in vitro amplification of the patient after the return to the treatment of B lymphocytes in the blood of malignant tumors of the new targeted therapy. After the transformation of the CAR-T cell surface with specific sites, you can identify the B lymphocytes in the blood of malignant tumor B cell surface CD19 antigen.The continuous stimulation of CD19 antigen can activate CAR-T cells to proliferate and activate, and kill the tumor cells effectively. in this paper, we reviewed the structure of chimeric antigen receptor（ CAR）, the mechanism of anti tumor action of CAR-T cells and the clinical application of B lymphocytes in the treatment of hematological malignancies.