产前护理干预对妊娠高血压综合征患者分娩结局及生活质量的影响

Effect of prenatal nursing intervention on birth outcomes and quality of life of patients with pregnancy induced hypertension

目的探讨产前护理干预对妊娠高血压综合征患者分娩结局及生活质量的影响。方法将南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院妇产科2011年1月至2014年12月收治的90例妊娠高血压综合征患者随机分为观察组和对照组(各45例),对照组患者给予常规护理模式,观察组患者在对照组护理的基础上给予全面、规范的综合护理,观察2组患者护理效果,记录患者焦虑评分、血压变化情况、分娩方式以及分娩结局和2组患者的生活质量评分。结果对照组患者产前焦虑评分与入院时相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),护理后,观察组患者焦虑评分显著下降,与对照组相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);与治疗前相比,2组患者血压均有所下降(P<0.05),其中观察组患者血压下降情况优于对照组(P<0.05);观察组患者自然分娩率71%高于对照组患者42%(P<0.05),同时产后出血率、胎盘早剥率、子痫率,胎儿的宫内窘迫率、新生儿窒息率、围生期胎儿病死率均低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组患者的生活质量评分均优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论产前综合护理干预可以改善妊娠期高血压患者的焦虑状态,降低血压、提高自然分娩率、改善患者的分娩结局以及患者的生活质量,值得临床推广。

Objective To discuss the effect of prenatal nursing intervention on birth outcomes and quality of life of patients with pregnancy induced hypertension.Methods Ninty cases of pregnancy induced hypertension treated in the affiliated drum tower hospital of the medical college of Nanjing university from January 2011 to December 2014 were randomly divided into observation group and control group（45cases in each group）.The control group was treated with routine care model,while the observation group was given comprehensive,standardized integrated care on the basis of the control group.Nursing effects were observed.Anxiety scores,blood pressure changes,mode of delivery,birth outcomes and quality of life score of the two groups were observed.ResultsPrenatal anxiety scores were not different compared with admission in the control group（P〉0.05）.After nursing,anxiety scores were significantly decreased in the observation group,and the differences were statistically significant compared with the control group（P〈0.05）;blood pressure of the two groups were decreased compared with the previous treatment（P〈0.05）.Blood pressure situation of observation group was better than that in the control group（P〈0.05）;the natural birth rate of observation group were 71%,which is higher than 42% of control group（P〈0.05）;postpartum hemorrhage,placental abruption rate,eclampsia rate,fetal distress,asphyxia rate and perinatal fetal mortality rates were lower than those in the control group（P〈0.05）;quality of life score of observation group were better than that of the control group（P〈0.05）.Conclusion Prenatal nursing intervention can improve the patients′anxiety,decrease blood pressure,improve the natural birth rate,improve birth outcomes and quality of life and it is worthy of popularization.