WPBA护理临床实习评价模式的初步构建

Preliminary construction of the workplace based assessment (WPBA) mode for nursing interns

目的借鉴基于工作场所的评估（WPBA）实施的成功经验,结合护理专业自身的特点,构建WPBA护理临床实习评价模式,为护理临床实习教学质量评价提供参考。方法以WPBA评价模式为基础,通过文献回顾、小组讨论,初步拟定护理临床实习的WPBA各测评工具的评价项目和细则;釆用德尔菲（Delphi）法组织2轮专家函询,汇总专家意见,运用统计学方法分析有关资料,初步确定评价项目和细则。结果构建WPBA护理临床实习评价模式,包括Mini-cex（迷你临床演练评量）、DOPS（操作技能直接观察评估考核）和CbD（个案为基础的讨论）三种测评工具,分别包含了7、10和7个项目,对应34、10和7条评价细则。两轮专家咨询的积极系数均为100%,专家的权威系数0.812,两轮专家咨询后各条目重要性的变异系数为0.079~0.223,可操作性变异系数为0.048~0.223,均小于0.30。结论 WPBA护理临床实习评价模式适用于护生临床实习的过程性评价,具有一定的科学性,可为提高临床实习教学质量提供参考。

Objective To construct a workplace based assessment（WPBA）mode for nursing students by referencing to the successful experience of WPBA evaluation at home and abroad,and by accenting the characteristics of nursing,and to provide references for clinical practice evaluation.Methods Based on the WPBA evaluation model,after literature review and group discussion,a draft consisting of various assessment tools of WPBA for nursing interns was established.Then 2rounds of expert consultation were conducted according to the Delphi method and the data collected were analyzed to settle the evaluation items and details.Results The WPBA mode for nursing interns consisted of 3tools of Mini Clinical Evaluation Exercise,Directly Observed Procedural Skills and Case-based Discussion,covering 7,10 and 7items with 34,10 and 7evaluation rules accordingly.Expert participation of two rounds of consultation were both 100%,with the authority coefficient of experts stood at 0.812.The variation coefficients of the importance scores in the two rounds was 0.079-0.223,and those of the operability scores was 0.048-0.223,all less than 0.30.Conclusion The WPBA mode for nursing interns has good reliability and validity,which is suitable for process evaluation of nursing interns in clinical practice and bound to improve the quality of clinical practice.