海岛基层骨伤医院感染病原菌分布与耐药性

Clinical distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in island primary orthopedic hospital

目的回顾性分析海岛基层骨伤医院感染病原菌的分布及药敏率情况,为临床合理用药提供依据。方法临床标本经24h分离培养,采用K-B纸片扩散法进行药敏试验。结果从2012年1月至2014年12月发生医院感染的病例中共分离出185株病原菌,其中革兰阳性菌55株,占29.73%;革兰阴性菌114株,占61.62%;真菌16株,占8.65%。革兰阳性菌中的金黄色葡萄球菌、肠球菌,革兰阴性菌中的铜绿假单胞菌、鲍曼不动杆菌、大肠埃希菌等是感染菌谱的主要菌种。药敏显示大多数病原菌耐药性高,革兰阴性、阳性菌分别对亚胺培南和万古霉素敏感性最高。结论本院临床感染病原菌以革兰阴性杆菌为主,对常用抗菌药物耐药率较高,临床用药应以药敏试验结果为依据合理选择抗菌药物。

Objective To retrospectively analyze the distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in island primary orthopedic hospital,and provide reference for clinical use of antibiotics.Methods All the specimens were isolated and cultured for 24 hours,and the drug sensitivity was determined by using K-B paper diffusion method.Results Among the 185 strains of pathogenic bacteria isolated from January 2012 to December 2014,there were 55（29.73%）strains of gram positive bacteria,114（61.62%）strains of gram negative bacteria,and 16（8.65%）strains of fungi.The main pathogens among gram positive bacteria were Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus,while the main pathogens among gram negative bacteria were Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Acinetobacter baumanii and Escherichia coli.The resistance rates of most of pathogenic bacteria were high.The resistance rates of both gram negative and positive bacteria to Imipenem and Cefodizime were low.Conclusion The main pathogenic bacteria causing clinical infections in our hospital is gram negative bacteria,and their drug resistance rates are high.Antibiotics should be selected according to the results of drug sensitivity test.