我国高校毕业生就业流动研究——基于空间流动网络的视角

Research on Employment Migration of College Graduates in China:based on the Perspective of Space Migration Network

本文基于空间流动网络的视角,从时间和空间双重维度,采用大样本微观抽样调查数据对我国高校毕业生就业流动强度和特征进行定量测度。研究结果显示:在流动强度方面,高校毕业生整体流动不充分,流动强度与学历层次正相关;硕博毕业生流动性逐渐增强,本专科毕业生本地化就业倾向明显;硕博毕业生在就业稳定性方面呈现截然相反的态势。在流动特征方面,省域间毕业生流动网络整体内聚性逐渐增强;博士毕业生流动网络覆盖比率较低,网络最为稀疏;博士毕业生人才极化明显,专科毕业生就业极化现象缓解。在测算结果基础上,对我国高等教育布局调整和区域人才政策提出了相应的对策建议。

This paper, based on the Space Migration Network, from the dual dimension of time and space, quantitatively measured the intensity and characteristics of college graduates employment migration in our country by using large sample and micro sampling survey data. The results showed that in terms of employment migration intensity, the overall migration of graduates is not so obvious. The intensity of graduates’ migration is proportional to the education level. The migration of Master ＆ PHD Graduates is increasing gradually, and the localization of University ＆ College employment is increasingly obvious. While the employment stability of Master ＆ PHD Graduates shows completely opposite tendency. In terms of migration characteristics, the overall cohesiveness of migration network between provinces enhanced gradually; the coverage rate of PHD Graduates migration network reduced and the network became the sparsest. The phenomenon of polarization of PHD Graduates Employment was found to be increasingly obvious, while this tendency of College Graduates was released. On the basis of calculation results, this paper put forward corresponding countermeasures and suggestions for higher education layout adjustment and regional talent policy.