2013年甘肃省城乡居民健康素养现状分析

The analysis on health literacy status of Gansu residents in 2013

目的 通过健康素养监测,了解甘肃省城乡居民健康素养水平,为开展健康教育和健康促进工作提供科学依据。方法 2013年10—12月,采用分层多阶段PPS抽样方法,随机抽取8个县区2136名15~69岁常住人口进行问卷调查。结果 经过复杂抽样加权调整后,甘肃省城乡居民健康素养水平点估计值为4.9%,男性为5.3%,女性为4.5%。城市居民为9.6%,农村居民为1.9%。在健康素养的3个方面中,基本知识和理念素养水平为13.2%,健康生活方式与行为素养水平为5.7%,基本技能素养水平为7.5%。具备6类健康问题素养的比例由高到低依次为安全与急救素养39.4%、科学健康观25.7%、传染病防治素养14.7%、健康信息素养11.0%、慢性病防治素养7.1%和基本医疗素养5.0%。结论 甘肃省城乡居民健康素养处于较低水平,尤其是农村居民健康素养水平极低;城乡居民慢性病防治和基本医疗素养水平低。应进一步加大健康教育和健康促进工作力度,推动居民健康素养水平逐步提升。

Objective To understand the status of health literacy among Gansu residents by surveillance, and pro- vide scientific suggestions for developing health education and promotion. Methods Multistage PPS sampling method was a- dopted in the surveillance, 2136 residents aged 15 -69 years from 8 counties were investigated. Results The overall level of adjusted health literacy （AHL） among residents in 2013 was 4. 9% , with 5. 3% in male and 4. 5% in female, 9. 6% in urban residents and 1.9% in rural residents. The AHL rates in the 3 health literacy related aspects as basic health concept and knowledge, healthy lifestyle and behaviors, and health related skills were 13.2%, 5.7% and 7.5%. The AHL rates of 6 health issues as safety and first aid, scientific attitude towards health, infectious diseases prevention, health information literacy, chronic diseases prevention, and basic medical care among whole residents were 39.4%, 25.7%, 14. 7%, 11.0%, 7.1%, and 5.0%. Conclusion The level of health literacy among residents in Gansu Province is very low, es- pecially in rural areas, and the level of health literacy is very low in chronic diseases prevention and basic medical care. More effective intervention measures should be implemented to improve the level of health literacy.