我国古代蹴鞠衰亡与现代足球兴起:礼治与法治

The Decline of Chinese Cu-Ju and the Beginning of Modern Football: Ruled by Rites and Rule of Llaw

通过文献资料法研究我国古代蹴鞠起源和消亡的过程,从历史社会环境和蹴鞠自身的特点出发,从中西方"农耕文化"和"海洋文化"的差异以及两种文化下形成不同治理社会的制度"礼治"和"法治"着手,分析二者对蹴鞠和足球的影响。研究结果表明:中国的"礼治"社会下的伦理纲常,森严等级制度,正统的儒道思想弱化参与蹴鞠比赛目的性,过度追求比赛过程的愉悦性等等一些列因素限制蹴鞠运动的发展,并最终使其走向消亡。相反西方社会所特有的民族对抗特性,社会的契约合作的"法治"关系,民主自由的公正平等思想为现代足球的形成提供了合适的社会土壤,并得到迅速的发展,直到今日成为世界第一运动。

Through the existing literature,the paper studied on the origin of ancient Chinese Cu-Ju and dissolution process.The existing research is mainly focused on the two points： one is from the historical and social environment of the characteristic of Cu-Ju,the other is from western ＂farming culture＂and ＂ocean culture＂focuses on the formed under different governance system of social of＂rule by propriety＂and＂the rule of law＂. The results of the study pointed out there are two reasons leading to the death of Cu-Ju. On one hand,China＇s traditional＂rule by propriety＂under the social ethics and laws,guarded hierarchy and traditional Confucian proprieties reduced the purpose of participate in the Cu-Ju game. On the other hand,during the process of Cu-Ju game,excessive pursuit of pleasure,and so on a series of factors limit the development of Cu-Ju campaign.On the contrary,Western society has its own ethnic confrontation features,social contract cooperation relationship between＂rule of law＂and the thought of fair equality for democracy and freedom formed a suitable social environment for the development of modern football. Because of this,football has been developed rapidly and become the world＇s first sports.