深海采矿扬矿泵导叶区域粗颗粒通过特性试验研究

Experimental studies on passing characteristics of coarse particles in lifting pump of deep-sea mining system

在深海采矿系统中,海底矿石必须经过扬矿泵才能提升到海面船上,但矿石粒径较粗,容易在泵体中形成堵塞,尤其是在扬矿泵导叶区域,因此,研究粗粒在导叶中的运动特性对于保障系统安全工作具有重要意义。针对深海矿物粒径较大的特点,设计并制作了具有宽流道的扬矿泵流道模型,安装于管道输送试验系统。利用高速摄像机对扬矿泵导叶内粗颗粒运动特性进行了记录,并对其运动轨迹、碰撞情况以及颗粒速度等信息进行了分析。结果表明:颗粒在通过导叶区域时,运动轨迹与水流流向基本一致;颗粒与导叶发生碰撞位置主要集中于导叶背面入口处、导叶压力面中部和导叶背面出口处;颗粒粒径越小,跟随性越好,碰撞次数越少。试验结果可为扬矿电泵设计提供参考。

Deep-sea minerals must be lifted through lifting pump in deep-sea mining system. The lifting pump is prone to be blocked owing to the big size of minerals while working, especially in vane. It is important to study the motion characteristics of mineral particles to ensure the security of the lifting system. Taking into account the size of deep-sea minerals, the lifting pump model with wide passage is established and is installed in a pipeline transport system. The motion characteristics of particles in the vane of the lifting pump are shot and analysed by high-speed cameras. The results show that the trajectory of particles in vane is consistent with flow; the collision location of particles concentrates mainly at the inlet of the back of the vane blade, the middle of pressure face of the vane blade and the outlet of the back of the vane blade ; the particles have better following performance and less collision frequency with a smaller size. The results provide a reference for the design of the lifting pump.