紫花苜蓿太空诱变多叶新品系HY-1选育研究

Study on breeding multifoliate cultivars HY-1 of space mutation in alfalfas

以4个紫花苜蓿品种的太空诱变材料SP1代为基础,以多叶性状明显的6株变异单株为研究对象,经田间表型性状及多叶率筛选,以3株作亲本材料,通过连续四代选优去劣,提纯复壮,选育出以复出5叶为主的多叶型紫花苜蓿新品系"HY-1";获得以复出7叶为主的多叶型单株材料2份。该品系经鉴定,多叶枝条率达84.99%,复出多叶率达44.61%,干草产量17 458.8 kg/hm2,粗蛋白含量为21.01%;经SRAP分子标记检测:搭载后第一代(SP1)与搭载前(CK)相比基因组DNA扩增出不同的差异带,在DNA水平上产生了变异,并且在SP2、SP3和SP4代中稳定遗传。新品系HY-1的育成,丰富了我国紫花苜蓿育种的种质资源,拓展了紫花苜蓿育种技术,对加快草产业发展具有十分重要的意义。

The multifoliate alfalfa cultivars＂HY-1＂was breed by space mutation based on 4 alfalfa SP1 mutant materials,3 plants were used as parent materials through field phenotypic traits and multi-leaf,2 plants were discovered from multifoliate alfalfa with 7 leaves after consecutive four generation selection. The new variety was identified effectively. The results showed that the leafy branches rate,leafy rate,hay yield and crude protein content were 84. 99%,44. 61%,17458. 8 kg / hm2 and 21. 01%,respectively. By SRAP molecular detection,differences in amplified genomic DNA bands between SP1 and CK were found,and this mutation could inherit stably in the SP2- SP4 generation. The breeding of new variety could enrich germplasm resources and improve breeding technology in alfalfa.