不同入流角度对浅水垫消力池水力特性的影响研究

Effects of Inflow Angle to the Flow Characteristics in Stilling Basin with Shallow-water Cushion

在模型试验对比验证的基础上,采用大涡模拟方法,研究了不同入流角度对浅水垫消力池水力特性的影响。结果表明,水流流速在浅水垫消力池内衰减迅速,且池内最大流速衰减速度随入流角度增加而增大;来流角度越大,形成的淹没水跃跃首位置就越靠前,跃后最高水深也越大,最高水深出现的位置也越靠后;随着角度增大,入流水股对浅水垫末端直立壁面的冲击趋于明显,消力池底板脉动压力基本呈正态分布;消能率随入流角度增加而增加,但超过一定角度,增幅逐渐减小。

Based on the comparison of model tests, the large eddy simulation（ LES） method is used to study the influences of different inflow angle on hydraulic characteristics of stilling basin with shallow-water cushion（ SBSWC）. The results show that,（ a） the flow velocity is rapidly attenuation and the attenuation rate of maximum flow velocity increases with the increase of flow angle;（ b） if the inflow angle is bigger, the submerged hydraulic jump will be more forward, the highest water depth is also larger and the position of highest water depth will be more rearward;（ c） with the increase of angle, the impact force on the vertical wall of SBSWC will increase and the pulsating pressure on the bottom of stilling basin is substantially normal distribution; and（ d） the energy dissipation ratio increases with the increase of inflow angle, but the growth rate will gradually decrease when more than a certain angle.