牙科畏惧症的诱发因素与防治策略

Inducing factors and new strategies for the treatment of dental phobia

目的:牙科畏惧症是指患者在牙科治疗中的一种特殊心理和行为的异常表现。虽然牙科畏惧症在牙病诊治中不会危及生命安全,但由于其发生率高达50%以上,不仅会明显降低牙病的早期就诊率,同时还会降低医护人员的诊治质量和工作效率,并有恶化医患关系的危险。近年来,随着舒适化医疗在临床诊治过程中的快速推进,牙科治疗中的镇静镇痛技术也得到了非常迅速的发展。本文就近年来有关牙科畏惧症的相关诱发因素、临床表现及危害,特别是其预防和治疗新策略的进展情况等作一综述。

Dental phobia is a special social and behavioral abnormal activity of some individuals when receiving dental treatment. Although the dental phobia does not threat the safety of life,the incidence rate is as high as above 50%,which decreases the quality and efficiency of dental care and prevent the dental treatment willing of the patients,at the same time it may worsen doctor- patient relationship. Recently,the sedation and analgesia techniques have been applied for dental treatment with the rapid progress of comfortable medical care for clinical diagnosis and treatment. The current review will introduce the dental phobia related inducing factors,clinical manifestation and harm,the prevention and new strategies for the manifestation of dental phobia.