精神疾病住院患者医院感染分布特点及控制对策建议

Hospital infection distribution and control suggestions of inpatient with psychiatric disorders

目的研究精神专科医院住院患者医院感染分布特点,提出针对性的防控对策建议。方法从成都市第四人民医院中选取2015年一季度1572例出院精神疾病患者,以其中在住院期间出现医院感染的患者为研究对象,进行医院感染相关因素分析。结果共发生医院感染68例,医院感染发生率为4.33%。按照科室类别,精神病内科(17.02%)、老年精神科(10.37%)和慢性康复科(5.88%)的医院感染率位列前3位;按照感染部位,下呼吸道(75.00%)、泌尿道(11.77%)和胃肠道(5.88%)位列感染率前3位;医院感染病原菌以革兰阴性菌占比最高,占48.98%,其次为革兰阳性菌(40.82%)和真菌(10.20%)。结论加强医院感染培训,严格遵守无菌操作规范,强化患者不良行为矫正,是预防精神专科医院感染的有效措施。

Objective To study the hospital infection distribution of inpatient with psychiatric disorders in order to put forward proper prevention and control suggestions. Methods 1572 cases of mental illness discharged from the Fourth People＇s Hospital of Chengdu city in the first quarter of 2015 wee selected, and those got nosocomial infection during the hospitalization were chosen as research subjects. The relevant factors of hospital infection were analyzed. Results There were 68 cases of hospital infection, and incidence rate was 4.33%. The top three departments of the hospital infection were the department of psychiatric medicine（17.02%）,the department of geriatric psychiatry（10.37%）, and the department of chronic rehabilitation（5.88%）. The top three sites of infection were lower respiratory infections（75.00%）, urinary tract（11.77%）, and gastrointestinal tract（5.88%）. The main bacteria were Gram-negative bacteria（48.98%）, Gram-positive bacteria（40.82%）, and fungi（10.20%）. Conclusion Hospital infection training should be strengthened. Aseptic processing standard should be strictly abided by. Patients＇ bad behavior should be corrected.