渝北区环境空气质量现状及污染原因分析

Research on Ambient Air Quality and Pollution Causes in Yubei District,Chongqing City,China

本文采用综合污染指数法和空气质量指数法对2014年重庆市渝北区的主要空气污染物(SO2、PM10、NO2、O3、CO、PM2.5)的现状监测值进行了评价。结果表明:对照环境空气质量标准,2014年城区内SO2、NO2均符合国家空气质量二级标准,PM10、PM2.5测定值均超标。污染物浓度时空分布不均匀,冬春季浓度较夏秋季高,出现明显的季节特征;空间分布上,两路空气质量优于空港。2014年渝北区环境空气中大部分污染物浓度均低于2013年和主城平均浓度,环境空气质量综合污染指数呈现下降趋势。2014年渝北区空气质量优良天数255天,高于2013年和主城优良天数,影响渝北区空气质量的首要污染物为PM2.5,其次为PM10、O3-8h、NO2。渝北区的环境空气污染主要受城市建设、产业结构、气象条件、交通尾气的影响。

The comprehensive pollution index method and air quality index method were employed to evaluate the main air pollutants of SO2,PM10,NO2,O3,CO and PM2. 5in Yubei District,Chongqing City,China in 2014. Results showed that the concentrations of SO2 and NO2in urban area met the national air quality standards Ⅱ,except those of PM10 and PM2. 5. The pollutant concentrations showed uneven seasonal distributions,and the pollutant concentrations in winter and spring were much higher than those in summer and autumn. In spatial distribution,air quality of Lianglu area was better than that of Konggang area. The concentrations of the main air pollutants in Yubei District in 2014 were lower than those in 2013 and those in Chongqing City. Comprehensive pollution index in 2014 was lower than that in 2013. The number of days of excellent air quality was 255 for Yubei District in 2014,higher than that in 2013,and that of Chongqing City. The primary pollutants influencing the air quality in Yubei District were PM2. 5,PM10,O3-8 hand NO2. The air pollution of Yubei District was affected by urban construction,industrial structure,weather conditions and traffic exhaust.