甲基三氯硅烷改性密胺海绵吸油材料研究

Oil Absorption Material Based on Methyltrichlorosilane Modified Melamine Sponge

石油泄漏已成为最严重的海洋污染问题,疏水型吸油海绵是有效的溢油清理材料之一.通过溶液浸渍法,利用甲基三氯硅烷对密胺海绵进行了改性,使其具有疏水亲油性.采用红外光谱、扫描电镜、水接触角对改性前后的密胺海绵进行表征.研究了不同溶剂(甲苯、无水乙醇、乙醚、正己烷)及不同浸泡时间(0.5,1,5,15和30 min)对改性密胺海绵性能的影响.结果表明,最佳改性条件为:密胺海绵在浓度为0.5%的甲基三氯硅烷的正己烷溶液中浸泡30 min,用二氯甲烷清洗并干燥.改性后密胺海绵骨架包覆有疏水的硅烷偶联剂,测得改性海绵水接触角为143°,吸柴油量为65 g/g.该吸油材料制备方法具有反应条件温和、实验操作简单的优点.

Oil spill has become the most serious problem in marine pollution. Hydrophobic oil-absorbing spongeis one of the effective clean- up materials to deal with the oil spill problem. Hydrophobic/oleophilic melaminesponge was obtained through an impregnation method by using methyltrichlorosilane as modifier. The untreatedand modified melamine sponges were characterized by fourier transform infrared,scanning electron microscopyand water contact angle determination. The effects of immersion solvents（toluene,ethanol,ether and n- hex-ane）and dimmersion time（0.5,1,5,15 and 30 min）on the performance of the modified sponge were investi-gated. The optimum modification condition was obtained as follows：the sponge is immersed in the n- hexanesolution of 0.5% methyltrichlorosilane for 30 min and dried after washing with dichloromethame. The skeleton ofthe melamine sponge wis coated with the hydrophobic silane coupling agent after modification. The water contactangle of the modified sponge is 143 ° and the absorption capability of diesels is 65 g/g. This preparation methodof the oil-absorbing material has the advantages of mild reaction conditions and simple experimental manipulation.