上海市残疾人焦虑、抑郁情况及影响因素

Prevalence and Related Factors of Anxiety and Depression in Persons with Disabilities in Shanghai

目的了解上海市残疾人的焦虑、抑郁水平及相关影响因素。方法 2014年11月~12月,采用抑郁自评量表（SDS）及焦虑自评量表（SAS）对参加健康体检的731名残疾人进行问卷调查,通过多因素Logistic回归分析焦虑、抑郁的影响因素。结果上海市健康体检残疾人焦虑、抑郁检出率分别为9.58%、8.48%。抑郁影响因素有残疾年限（OR=0.967,P〈0.05）和残疾等级（OR〈1,P〈0.05）;焦虑影响因素有退休（OR=2.047,P〈0.05）、独居或住养老院（OR=3.073,P〈0.01）、残疾年限（OR=0.956,P〈0.01）。结论上海市健康体检残疾人群抑郁、焦虑症状发生率处于较低水平,但应采取有针对性的心理干预措施。

Objective To investigate the prevalence of anxiety and depression among the persons with disabilities in Shanghai and the factors related to them. Methods From November to December, 2014, 731 persons with disabilities were consecutively enrolled in this cross-sectional study. They were assessed with Self-rating Anxiety Scale（SAS） and the Self-rating Depression Scale（SDS）. Binary Logistic regression analysis was employed to reveal potential related factors of anxiety and depression. Results The prevalence rates of anxiety and depression among the disabled in Shanghai were 9.58% and 8.48%, respectively. The duration（OR=0.967, P〈0.05） and severity（OR1, P〈0.05） of disability were associated with depression, whereas retiral（OR=2.047, P〈0.05）, living alone or in care unit（OR=3.073, P〈0.01）and duration of disability（OR=0.956, P〈0.01） were associated with anxiety. Conclusion The frequency of anxiety and depression is mild among the persons with disabilities in Shanghai, and a special intervention is needed.