气相色谱-质谱联用法分析3种方法提取的三七挥发性成分

Analysis of Volatile Components in Panax notoginseng Extracted with Three Extraction Methods by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry

目的运用气相色谱-质谱联用法对不同方法提取的三七挥发性成分进行比较分析。方法分别采用回流提取法、超声提取法、静态顶空法提取三七挥发油,运用气相色谱-质谱联用技术,运用NIST11.0质谱数据库和峰面积归一化法对已分离的化合物进行鉴定并计算各成分的相对含量。结果从回流提取、超声提取、静态顶空法提取的三七挥发油中分别鉴定出60、50、24个挥发性成分。在静态顶空法中相对质量分数最高的是香桧烯,占挥发性成分的24.97%;在回流提取法和超声提取法中相对质量分数最高的都是聚炔类物质环氧十三烷-4,11-二炔,分别占挥发性成分的9.97%和14.75%。首次从三七挥发性成分中鉴定出3个聚炔类化合物和2个甾体类化合物。结论三七中挥发性成分主要为烷烃类、烯烃类、醛类、酸类、酯类、萜类、聚炔类、甾体类和杂环类物质。3种方法的补充利用可较全面地提取出三七中的挥发性物质。

Objective To comparatively analyze the volatile components in Panax notoginseng extracted with different methods by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC-MS）. Methods The volatile compo- nents in Panax notoginseng were extracted by reflux extraction, ultrasonic extraction, and static headspace extrac- tion. The volatile components were identified by CJC-MS and NIST mass spectral database （11.0）, and the relative content of these compounds was determined by peak area normalization. Results Sixty, fifty, and twenty- four constituents were identified from the volatile compounds extracted through reflux extraction, ultra- sonic extraction, and static headspace extraction, respectively. Among all the volatile components extrac- ted by static headspace extraction, sabinene was the most predominant component, accounting for 24.97% of the total. Among all the volatile components extracted by reflux extraction and ultrasonic extraction, oxacyclotetradeca-4, 11-diyne was the most predominant component, accounting for 9. 97% and 14.75%, respectively, of the total. Three polyacetylenes and two steroids were identified from the volatile components of Panax notoginseng for the first time. Conclusion The main components of volatile components include alkanes, olefins, aldehydes, acids, esters, terpenes, polyacetylenes, steroids, and heteroeyclic compounds. The volatile components in Panax notoginseng can be extracted fully by taking advantage of three different methods.