幼龄茶园适植绿肥品种筛选

Suitable green manure growing in young tea fields

目前,我国新垦茶园面积不断扩大,绿肥以其具有改善土壤结构、增强土壤肥力、遏制水土流失、调节茶园小气候等方面的特点,尤其适合在幼龄茶园中栽种。为探讨不同绿肥品种在幼龄茶园种植中成活率及其对幼龄茶园遮荫度、刈青量及幼龄茶园茶树生长的影响,选取狼尾草、茶肥1号、花生、印尼大绿豆四种绿肥品种,设5个处理9组重复进行实验。结果表明,种植50天后,花生和印尼大绿豆成活率较高,而长势则是狼尾草最好,遮荫度方面狼尾草表现最好,花生、绿豆遮阴效果较差,刈青产量由高到低分别为狼尾草、茶肥1号、印尼大绿豆和花生。茶树茎粗四种绿肥处理没有显著差异,而幼龄茶园茶树株高狼尾草处理显著高于茶肥1号处理和花生处理。综合比较,推荐采用狼尾草和茶肥1号作为幼龄茶园适植绿肥进行推广。同时,花生作为经济作物,在刈割后仍能提供一定的副产品花生,产量达到19155 kg/公顷(带土重量),可以有选择性的在茶园中栽种。

New tea field is increasingly expanding in China. Growing suitable green manure in young tea fields could inhibit weeds,prevent water loss and soil erosion,and improve soil fertility. In order to search for green manure species for growing in young tea fields,Pennisetum americanum,tea manure No. 1,mung bean and peanut were screened based on survival rate,green manure yield and shading rate on 50 th day after seeding. The results show that the survival rate of peanuts and mung bean was the highest,while plant height of Pennisetum americanum was the highest. The shading rate of Pennisetum americanum was the best. The manure yield of Pennisetum americanum and tea manure No. 1was the highest. Based on the test results, Pennisetum americanum and tea manure No. 1 were recommended to be grown in young tea fields. Peanut,as a cash crop,yielded 19155 kg per hectare and it was also a good choice.