2.5D forward modeling and inversion of frequency-domain airborne electromagnetic data

频率域航空电磁法2.5维正反演研究（英文）

Frequency-domain airborne electromagnetics is a proven geophysical exploration method.Presently,the interpretation is mainly based on resistivity-depth imaging and onedimensional layered inversion;nevertheless,it is difficult to obtain satisfactory results for two- or three-dimensional complex earth structures using 1D methods.3D forward modeling and inversion can be used but are hampered by computational limitations because of the large number of data.Thus,we developed a 2.5D frequency-domain airborne electromagnetic forward modeling and inversion algorithm.To eliminate the source singularities in the numerical simulations,we split the fields into primary and secondary fields.The primary fields are calculated using homogeneous or layered models with analytical solutions,and the secondary（scattered） fields are solved by the finite-element method.The linear system of equations is solved by using the large-scale sparse matrix parallel direct solver,which greatly improves the computational efficiency.The inversion algorithm was based on damping leastsquares and singular value decomposition and combined the pseudo forward modeling and reciprocity principle to compute the Jacobian matrix.Synthetic and field data were used to test the effectiveness of the proposed method.

频率域航空电磁法具有经济、高效和适应能力强等特点,广泛应用于矿产普查、地质填图、地下水资源调查等领域。目前,实测数据处理技术以电阻率深度转换成像技术以及一维反演方法为主。然而,对二、三维复杂地电模型,一维反演往往难以达到满意的结果。虽然三维正反演能较好的解决该问题,但其计算效率难以满足海量实测数据的计算要求。因此,本文在前人研究的基础上开展了三维源二维地电模型(2.5维)的频率域航空电磁法正反演算法研究。将总场分解为一次场和二次场来消除源的奇异性,一次场在均匀全空间或层状介质中求得,二次场用等参有限元方法计算得到,利用大规模系数矩阵并行直接求解器计算线性方程组,有效提高了计算效率。在正演的基础上,实现了基于奇异值分解(SVD)的阻尼最小二乘反演算法,通过"拟正演"和互换定理来计算雅克比矩阵。通过理论模型计算和实测数据很好的验证了本文方法在频率域航空电磁数据正反演应用中的准确性和有效性。