酒精发酵中杀菌剂的研究进展

Research progress on fungicides during ethanol fermentation

酒精发酵是一个非常复杂的微生物反应过程。在这个过程中,除了生产菌外,还会从原料、空气、水等带入相当数量的杂菌,从而降低酒精得率,影响酒精的正常生产。因此如何有效控制杂菌的感染,对整个酒精生产至关重要。本文综述了酒精发酵中杀菌剂的研究进展,主要介绍了酒精发酵过程中染菌的原因、危害、检测方法以及常见的污染杂菌,重点介绍了漂白粉、青霉素、克菌灵、酒花及植物提取物等杀菌剂的使用。指出减少酒精发酵中的杂菌污染,加强细菌抗药性的研究,寻找安全天然杀菌剂替代品是未来研究的关键。

Ethanol fermentation is a complex microbial process. During the process, a significant number of bacteria will be brought in from raw materials, air, water, etc., which will reduce yield of ethanol and affect production of ethanol. Therefore, how to effectively control the bacteria infection is essential for the ethanol production. Research progress on fungicides during ethanol fermentation was reviewed in this paper. The source, contamination, testing methods of the common harmful bacteria during ethanol fermentation were introduced focusing on the application of bleaching powder, penicillin, ＂kejunling＂ and hops and plant extracts. Reducing the bacteria infection during ethanol fermentation, strengthening the study of bacteria resistance and finding safe and natural alternatives to fungicides are the keys to future research.