元杂剧中的典型设问及其语用价值

Study of rhetoric questions with their aesthetic value in Yuan-zaju

元杂剧中出现了一些无疑问标记的设问,即句中既无疑问代词或疑问副词,又无表疑问语气的语气词。为了适应表达口语化和传情自然贴切的需求,剧作家们还于设问中使用了一些本非疑问标记的副词、动词或助词虚化而成的形式标记。此外,还有变式结构、附加式表达。这些设问具有呼告式传情、传达复杂感情等"本色当行"的语用价值。

Rhetorical questions without question tag has been appeared in Yuan-zaju,namely sentences without interrogative pronoun or interrogative adverb,and also none of modal particle with interrogative mood.In order to meet the requirement of expressing colloquially and put ones feeling into words naturally,the dramatists also use some of adverbs,verbs which can not be a question mark or formal marks that weakened become grammatical particles in rhetorical questions.In addition,there are structures of elliptical expression and additional forms.These rhetorical questions have many pragmatic functions,such as expressing one’s emotion with an apostrophe and conveying complex emotion.