基于ESDA的长三角区域经济差异分析

Analyzing Regional Economic Disparities Based on ESDA in Yangtze River Delta

区域经济发展不仅与区域自身相关,更受到周边区域的相互作用,基于此,本文引入ESDA技术（探索性空间数据分析）来分析区域经济差异。通过对长三角区域2001~2013年各市的人均GDP数据进行ESDA全局和局部自相关分析,描述了21世纪开始的13年以来长三角市域经济格局在空间上的分布及演化,并对空间格局成因进行了科学分析。结果表明：长三角地区表现出强的自相关,即相似城市间有显著的空间集聚特征,并且集聚特征逐年增强。然而,区域经济在空间分布上存在明显的不均衡,相离较远的地区差异还是很大,如上海、苏南地区与苏北、浙南地区。

The economic growth in each region not only depends on its own characteristics, but also depends on the surrounding regions. Unfortunately, the traditional approaches to regional disparities supposed that each region was independent from others. This paper introduces ESDA（Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis） for analyzing regional economic disparities. By means of global and local spatial autocorrelation analyses, this paper investigates the spatial dynamics of regional disparities and analyzes the cause of the pattern at the city level in Yangtze River Delta by analyzing per capita GDP data, 2001-2011. Experiments show that the level of economic development of the cities in the Yangtze River Delta showing strong spatial autocorrelation as a whole spatial pattern. The trend that similar regions gathering in spacial distribution is increasing gradually. But the economy disparity of remote cities are still large, especially in Shanghai and the cities in southern or northern of Jiangsu, or southern of Zhejiang.