潮流泥沙数学模型在青岛港挡沙堤工程的应用

Application of the numerical model of tidal currents and sediments in the dike engineering of Qingdao Port

考虑波浪辐射应力对潮流场和泥沙运动的影响,建立了青岛港前湾三期码头前沿挡沙堤工程二维潮流泥沙数学模型。在采用实测资料验证的基础上,运用模型对本海域在无挡沙堤及不同挡沙堤长的各种方案的流场变化和泥沙回淤情况进行计算研究。结果表明,无挡沙堤时,由于三期工程的建设缩窄了河口至海区的断面面积,断面西侧的浅水区水流速度增大,容易掀起泥沙输移至断面东侧开挖后的深水区,使泥沙在码头前港池中落淤,码头前沿最大淤积强度约为0.818 m/day;而建设挡沙堤后将显著减小码头前沿的泥沙淤积。经过比较,从挡沙堤附近流场与港池航道回淤情况的角度考虑,认为方案二对码头前沿拦沙的效果较好。

In this paper, a 2-D tidal current and sediment numerical model for the dike engineering at the former bay of Qingdao Port Phase 3 is established in view of ″wave radiation stress″ generated by the wave field on the flow field and sediment movement. Based on the observed data, the model is applied to study the change of currents and back silting in the port area without the dike and with the dike of different length. The results show that when there is no dike here, the cross section area between the estuary and sea narrows due to the construction of the Phase 3, and it causes the increasing of water flow rate at the shallow water on the west side of cross section, which makes sediments transport from the west to the east deepwater side easily with the sedimentation in the harbor basin. In this case, the maximum silting intensity of wharf apron is about 0.818 m/day. Whereas the dike building will significantly reduce the sedimentation of the wharf apron. According to the comparison, case 2 is better in view of the sediment deduction.