福建软土地区浅基坑支护技术现状

Status quo and enlightenment of supporting technique of shallow foundation pits in soft soil area of Fujian

福建沿海地区（福州、莆田、泉州等）广泛分布着淤泥及淤泥质土等软土。软土的特性,增加了福建软土地区的基坑设计和施工难度。尤其是开挖深度在4-6m范围内的浅基坑,由于开挖较浅容易被设计、施工和管理单位忽视,使其相对于深基坑反而更经常发生失稳或局部滑移等工程事故。针对福建软土浅基坑的特殊性,文章总结了福建软土浅基坑支护技术的若干问题：福建软土浅基坑常用的支护形式;福建软土浅基坑失稳的主要原因;福建软土浅基坑支护设计面临的主要问题。最后,结合工程案例,提出建议。

Soft soil like silt soil widely distributee in coastal areas of Fujian. The characteristics of soft soil are likely to make the design and constructions more difficulty in soft soil area of Fujian. When the excavation is 4 - 6m,some instability and local slip accidents are always induced because of the design,construction and management institutions＇ little attention. Aiming at the particularity of shallow pits in soft soil areas of Fujian and engineering practices,some problems about supporting technique of shallow foundation pits in soft soil area of Fujian are discussed：（ 1） common supporting types;（ 2） main reasons of instability failures;（ 3） main problems faced in design. This work may provide technical support for the design at shallow pits.