江西烤烟生产常用有机肥质量研究

Analysis on the Quality of Organic Fertilizers for Tobacco in Jiangxi

通过室内检测各肥料养分、有机营养成分和有害成分含量,对江西烤烟生产常用有机肥质量进行了研究。结果表明,商品有机肥大部分水分超限、过半产品有机质含量未达到低限标准。从水分、有机质、总养分,有机营养物质等指标综合分析,TT质量较高,SN、TD其次,这3种有机肥较明显好于QS、JS。各种商品有机肥铅、镉、铬、砷、汞含量均在2011年有机肥料执行标准(NY 525—2002)限量范围内。主成分分析得出,第1主成分为碳氮因子,第2主成分为磷钾因子。系统聚类分析与主成分分析分类结果一致,14个样品分为5类,分别为未发酵饼肥,发酵饼肥,氨基酸含量高、含量中等、含量低的商品有机肥。相关分析得出,有机质、粗脂肪、总糖、总氨基酸、总氮各指标之间呈极显著正相关关系。第一主成分中的总氨基酸含量是衡量有机肥品质最为重要的指标和可控指标之一。

In order to provide theoretical basis for fertilizer selection, the quality of commonly used organic fertilizers in flue-cured tobacco production in Jiangxi province was studied through determination of nutrient contents, contents of organic nutrients and harmful components, The results showed that the water content of most of the commercial organic fertilizers exceeded the limit, and the organic matter of more than half of the products was lower than the lower limit standard. Based on the analysis of water content, organic matter, total nutrients, organic nutrients and other indicators of fertilizer quality, the quality of TT was the best, the quality of SN and TD followed, and these three kinds of organic fertilizers were better than QS and JS. The contents of lead, cadmium, chromium, arsenic and mercury in all tested organic fertilizers were within the limit range of NY 525-2002 in 2011.The principal component analysis showed that the first principal component was the carbon and nitrogen factor, and the second principal component was the phosphorus and potassium factor. The system cluster analysis showed similar results with the principal component analysis. The tested 14 samples were divided into 5 classes, including unfermented rape cake, fermented rape cake, and high, medium and low amino acid content organic fertilizers. The correlation analysis showed that organic matter, crude fat, total sugar, total amino acid and total nitrogen showd highly significant positive correlations between each other. The results showed that total amino acid content of the first principal component was the most important and one of controllable indicators of the quality of organic fertilizers.