半连续微乳液法制备纳米铜粉的研究

Prepraration of copper nanoparticles in microemulsion by semi-continuous process

在常温下,以微乳液为反应器,硼氢化钠为还原剂,采用半连续的方法制备纳米铜粉.研究了分散剂、水相含量（水油比）、铜离子初始浓度对粒径与形貌的影响,对产品进行扫描电镜（SEM）、透射电镜（TEM）、X射线衍射（XRD）表征.结果显示纳米铜粉为球形,纯度高,平均粒径约为5-10nm.此方法将微乳液制备纳米铜粉的产出效率提高3倍,并能重复利用有机溶剂与表面活性剂,节约成本.

Using a microemulsion as reactor,sodium borohydride as reducing agent,copper nanoparticles were synthesized by semi-continuous process at room temperature.Through single factor experiment,various factors(dispersant,water-oil ratio and the initial concentration of copper ions)which may affect the particle size and morphology during the preparation process were optimized.The product was characterized by Scanning electron microscope(SEM),transmission electron microscope(TEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD).The SEM and TEM show that the copper nanoparticles are spherical and its average diameter is 5-10 nm approximately.XRD reveals that the products are pure.This method making organic solvents and surfactant reused has improved the yield of copper nanoparticles by microemulsion more than three times and reduced production costs.