斑石鲷含肉率与肌肉营养成分分析

Dressing rate and nutrient components in muscle of spotted knifejaw Oplegnathus punctatus

为研究斑石鲷Oplegnathus punctatus的营养价值与鲜美程度,采用营养测试方法对体质量为(272.11±33.89)g的斑石鲷含肉率和肌肉营养成分进行了测定。结果表明:斑石鲷的含肉率为66.06%±0.93%;肌肉(鲜样)中水分、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪和灰分的质量分数分别为70.50%、20.20%、7.80%、1.30%;肌肉蛋白质中共检测出18种氨基酸,占干样品总量的65.17%,其中人体必需氨基酸(8种)总量为27.15%(干样,下同),占氨基酸总量的41.65%,必需氨基酸组成与FAO/WHO要求一致;斑石鲷的必需氨基酸指数为82.98,限制性氨基酸为色氨酸、胱氨酸,4种鲜味氨基酸总质量分数为38.49%;肌肉中脂肪酸含量丰富,多不饱和脂肪酸含量达28.41%,其中EPA、DHA含量分别为5.59%和13.60%,常量及微量元素含量丰富。研究表明,斑石鲷肌肉中含有丰富的EPA、DHA和矿物元素,具有较高的食用价值和保健作用。

Dressing rate and nutrient components in muscle were analyzed in spotted knifejaw Oplegnathus puncta-tus by routine methods in order to research the nutrient components and tasty degree of the spotted knifejaw fish. The results showed that there were dressing rate of (66. 06±0. 93)%, 70. 50% of moisture, 20. 20% of crude pro-tein, 7. 80% of crude fat, and 1. 30% of crude ash in the muscle. Eighteen amino acids representing 65. 17% in total dry matter were found in the muscle, including 8 essential amino acids accounting for 27. 15% in the total dry matter for human needs and 41. 65% in the total content of amino acids, exceeding the FAO/WHO criterion and close to the egg criterion. Furthermore, the muscle had essential amino acid index (EAAI) of 82. 98, with the first limited amino acid Trp, and the second of Cys. There were 38. 49% of 4 delicious amino acids, rich in macro and trace elements and abundant fatty acids, including polyunsaturated fatty acid ( PUFA) accounting for 28. 41%, EPA 5. 59%, DHA 13. 60% of the total fatty acids in the muscle. The findings indicated that spotted knifejaw fish as a good source of protein of high quality was one of the freshwater fishes with good food value and nutritive value in aquaculture.