南宁市中小学生生活行为习惯及其对健康影响的现况调查

Study of the health-relative living behaviors and customs and their effects on the health to the primary and middle school students in Nanning

目的了解青少年健康相关的生活行为与习惯,为健康教育和健康促进有的放矢地开展提供参考依据。方法分层整群随机抽取广西南宁市区的中、小学生为研究对象,通过问卷调查其生活行为与习惯。结果南宁市区中、小学生睡眠时间不足。小学生进食烧烤、油炸薯条等零食与饭量摄入量有中度负相关关系。中、小学生刷牙频率与蛀牙数量分别有中度和高度负相关关系。中、小学生洗手习惯与患感冒、腹泻等感染性疾病分别有轻度和中度负相关关系。中、小学生体育锻炼时间与患病频率均有轻度负相关关系。中、小学生近视与玩电子产品时间或做家庭作业时间均无相关关系。结论中、小学生的健康状况与生活行为方式和习惯密切相关,针对存在问题有目的地开展健康干预工作,这需要家庭、学校、社会三方共同参与。

Objective To understand the health-relative living behaviors and customs in the primary and middle school students and supply references for the health education and promotion. Methods The questionnaire was designed and the primary and middle school students in Nanning city were sampled as the research individuals with cluster stratification sampling. Results The primary and middle school students were lacked of sleeping. Having snack of barbecue and crisp was moderately negatively related to the dinner intake. Brushing teeth was moderately/highly negatively related to the teeth decay in the middle students and primary students respectively. Washing hands was mildly/moderately and negatively related to the infectious diseases such as catching cold and diarrhea in the middle students and primary students respectively. Physical exercise was mildly negatively related to the infectious diseases in the middle students and primary students. The short sightedness was not related to time of playing computer game or doing homework. Conclusions The health of middle and primary students is related to the living behaviors and customs, and it is necessary to carry out health education and promotion based on the problems, and it need the family, school and the society jointly devote to it.