青年马克思劳动异化理论述评

A Review of Young Marx's Labor Alienation Theory

在古典主义向现代主义转换的历史进程中,青年马克思将这一转换的节点根植于劳动异化理论。按其在《1844年经济学哲学手稿》中的阐述,劳动异化成为历史分化的临界点。以劳动异化为出发点,延伸至人与对象的关系的异化,进而是人与人的关系的异化。因此,异化包含两个层面,即物的层面与类的层面。这两个层面的交互交织,构成了现代社会的荒诞处境。马克思异化理论的历史意义在于,它不限于对资本社会的批判,更多的是居于人道主义立场来审视现代人类的命运,从而努力改变人类社会的现代性困境。

Young Marx produced Labor Alienation Theory in the transforming process of Classicism to modernism and pointed out that labor alienation is the critical point of history alienation and that labor alienation will extend to relation alienation between man and object and then human relation alienation. Therefore, alienation includes two aspects, which are interweaving to form the fantastic world of the modern society. Marx＇s alienation theory has not only criticized capitalist society, but also thought of the fate of modern human as to change the modern predicament of human society.