云南省两市基层疾病预防控制中心结核病防治医务人员职业倦怠的定性研究

Qualitative analysis on job burnout of tuberculosis control and prevention medical staff in the center for disease control and prevention at basic level in two cities of Yunnan Province

目的 了解目前基层疾病预防控制中心结核病防治（简称“结防”）医务人员职业倦怠现状,分析产生职业倦怠的原因,初步探索预防和缓解基层结防医务人员职业倦怠的措施.方法 对云南省两市的县（区）级疾病预防控制中心从事结防工作的接诊医生、项目管理人员、放射科医生、实验室检验人员,针对结防工作职业倦怠情况进行个人调查访谈.共计调查了26名上述人员.结果 85％（22/26）的被访谈对象表现出较强的职业倦怠感,有69％（18/26）甚至表示希望离开结防岗位.主要原因包括：工作压力大,职业暴露风险高,薪资水平低,公众对结核病认知度不够导致的误解与偏见,领导对结防工作重视度下降等.结论 基层疾病预防控制中心结防人员出现职业倦怠现象较为普遍,且倦怠程度严重.建议从政策、制度、机构、人力资源配置等方面改善结防人员的从业环境及心理健康,预防和减少倦怠的发生.

Objective To acquire the job burnout situation of the anti-tuberculosis （anti-TB） medical staff in the center for disease control and prevention （CDC） at basic level, and to further analyze the reasons and explore the solution for preventing and remitting job burnout among anti-TB medical staff preliminarily. Methods All 26 anti- TB medical staff who worked in county CDC in two cities of Yunnan province （including clinical doctors, project managers, radiologists, and laboratory staff） accepted the individual interviews referring to iob burnout. Results 85% （2/26） anti-TB medical staff showed strong sense of job burnout, and 69% （18/26） expected to leave anti-TB positions. The main reasons were as following： high working pressure, high risk of occupational ex- posure, low income, the misunderstanding and prejudice resulted from lacking of awareness of TB and insufficient leadership attention. Conclusion Job burnout phenomena among basic level anti-TB medical staff are relatively common, and the degree of burnout is severe. We should improve the working environment and mental health from policy, system, organization, human resource configuration to prevent and reduce the occurrence of burnout.