行为分阶段改变理论在老年2型糖尿病患者胰岛素注射训练中的应用

Application of transtheoretical model of health behavior change in training of initial insulin injection in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

目的探讨以行为分阶段改变理论为框架在老年2型糖尿病患者初始胰岛素注射训练中的应用效果。方法将2013年12月~2014年3月在本科室住院初始行胰岛素注射的30例2型糖尿病老年患者设为对照组,在胰岛素注射操作训练中采用传统的教育方法;将2014年4~7月在本科室住院初始行胰岛素注射的30例老年2型糖尿病患者设为实验组,在胰岛素注射操作训练中运用以行为分阶段改变理论为框架的教育方法,每次30 min,共4次,观察两组患者胰岛素注射相关知识和操作水平情况。结果实验组患者胰岛素注射相关知识和操作水平优于对照组,两组比较,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论以行为分阶段改变理论为框架对初始胰岛素注射的老年2型糖尿病患者进行操作训练,可提高患者操作水平和理论相关知识,进而使血糖得到有效的控制。

Objective To explore the effect of the transtheoretical model of health behavior change on initial insulin injection in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods Thirty elderly patients with type 2 diabetes, receiving traditional training of insulin injection, were recruited as control group（n = 30） between December 2013 and March 2014. Another 30 elderly patients with type 2 diabetes, who received an education program based on the transtheoretical model of health behavior change for insulin injection training（30 minutes for each time and 4 times in total）, were recruited as experiment group（n = 30） between April 2014 and July 2014. The knowledge of insulin injection and the operational skills in the two groups were compared between the two groups.Result Both the knowledge and operational skills at insulin injection in the experiment group were significantly better than those in the control group（P〈0.01）. Conclusion The transtheoretical model of health behavior change can be significant for improving the operational skills at insulin injection and therefore it can be effective in controling of blood sugar.