湖南省邵阳地区2010—2014年手足口病流行病学特征分析

Epidemiology of Hand-foot-mouth Disease in Shaoyang Area of Hunan Province, 2010-2014

目的分析湖南省邵阳地区手足口病流行病学特征,为制定手足口病防控策略提供参考依据。方法利用国家疾病报告信息管理系统和湖南省疾病控制信息管理系统,导出邵阳地区的手足口病疫情监测资料,采用描述性流行病学方法进行综合分析。结果 2010—2014年,湖南省邵阳地区手足口病年发病率分别为96.39/10万、75.97/10万、234.72/10万、109.13/10万和213.78/10万。不同年份发病率差异有统计学意义（χ^2=11 568.282,P=0.000〈0.05）。九县三区均有发病,以北塔区、双清区、大祥区发病率较高,分别为320.43/10万、294.58/10万和259.78/10万。发病高峰集中在4~7月,病例数占64.2%。发病人群主要集中在3岁以下儿童,占总发病人数的74%。4年间共死亡50例,不同年份死亡率比较差异有统计学意义（χ^2=47.488,P=0.000〈0.05）。结论湖南省邵阳地区手足口病疫情形势严峻,应采取综合性防治措施,切实预防和控制手足口病的流行和暴发流行。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hand foot and mouth disease in Shaoyang area of Hunan Province, and to provide reference for the prevention and control of hand foot and mouth disease. Methods Using＂National disease surveillance information management system ＂ and ＂Hunan CDC information management system ＂to output surveillance data of hand foot and mouth disease in Shaoyang, were analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method.Results From 2010 to 2014, the incidence of hand foot and mouth disease in Shaoyang area of Hunan province were 96.39/10 million, 75.97/10 million, 234.72/10 million, 109.13/10 million and 213.78/10 million. There was significant difference in the incidence of different years（χ~2= 115 68.282,P=0.000 0.05）. Nine counties and three districts have the disease, Beita District, Shuangqing District, Daxiang district incidence rate is higher, respectively 320.43/10 million, 294.58/10 million and 259.78/10 million. Incidence peak concentration in April ~ July, the number of cases accounted for 64.2%. Incidence of the population is mainly concentrated in children under 3 years of age, accounting for 74% of the total number of patients. There were 50 deaths in 4 years, There was significant difference in mortality rates in different years（χ~2=47.488,P=0.000 0.05）. Conclusion The epidemic situation of hand foot and mouth disease in Shaoyang area of Hunan province is severe. We should take comprehensive measures to prevent and control the epidemic and outbreak of hand foot mouth disease