从政治观念史到政治语言史:当代西方思想史上的“理论革命”

From history of political conception to history of political language:The "theoretical revolution" in the history of thought in the contemporary West

本文旨在从概念史方法论的角度探讨"政治思想史"和"政治观念史"的分野。诚然,二者差异的精微处,连一些"政治思想史"的提倡者也未必有着完全的认识。而造成这一问题的根本原因,在于政治思想史的新旧潮流之变十分复杂,远非贯通一致的过程,而是三个源流各异的学术思潮(即剑桥学派、德国概念史派和法国政治概念史派)互相交融所致。本文认为,要以新的理论视野整合各个学派之长,以超越传统政治思想史的藩篱。作者进而提出以"政治语言史"考察不同政治言说时间观的新方法,以便揭示政治语言的偶然性之源。

The article analyzes the division between the 'history of political thought' and the ' history of political conception ' in the perspective of the methodology in the conceptual history.Indeed,the nuance of the differences between them has not been fully understood by even some of those who advocate the ' history of political thought.' The primary reason is that the old and new traditions and their changes in the history of political thought are very complex and far from a coherent process.Instead,it has been the result from the mix of three academic traditions,Cambridge School,German conceptual history and French history of political conception,which have different origins.The author argues that the advantages of different traditions should be integrated in the horizon of new theories to overcome the hedge of traditional history of political thought.Furthermore,with the 'history of political language,' new methods are put forward for examination of different views of temporalities in political discourse to reveal the origins of contingencies of political languages.