菌物:死海不死（英文）

Fungi: the Dead Sea — is not dead

东非裂谷北端的死海位于以色列和约旦之间。它代表了我们这个星球上最深的洼地,在众多的水体中,它的盐度最高,高达33%。如今,在死海南部的盐被用于工业回收。约旦河是死海的主要水源。由于农业和工业大量使用死海的水,以及自然蒸发,其水位每年减少约1 m。自古以来死海一直以其治疗的功能而闻名,近年来死海已成为一个旅游圣地(马察达,谷木兰)。"死海"的名字意味着不适宜居住和致命的地方。到目前为止,只有较低等的微生物(细菌、真菌、藻类)在死海中生存。为了找到更高级的生物,如丝状真菌,一个国际研究小组(以色列、乌克兰、德国)共同对死海中的高级真菌进行分离鉴定;在不同的水质类型、矿化度和孵化温度条件下,在琼脂培养皿中测试其生长特性、酶活性和染料的降解作用(自我清除活性的指示反应)。总之,作为假设,许多不同分类系统和生态群丝状真菌的菌株都已被鉴定,并针对其生长特性、酶活性和染料降解能力进行研究。正如题目所言:死海不死!由此,《旧约》称之为"盐海",不是"死海",所以,我们可以确信的说:"圣经毕竟是正确的"。

The Dead Sea at the northern end of the East-African Rift Valley is located between the states of Israel and Jordan. It represents the deepest depression on our planet,and has with 33% one of the highest salinities of any water body. Today salts are recovered industrially at its southern part.The main water source of the Dead Sea is the river Jordan. Through heavy agricultural and industrial use of its water and by evaporation its water level decreases by about one meter annually.Since antiquity the Dead Sea has been well known for its healing powers and in more recent time has become a tourist attraction（ Masada,Qumran）.As the name ＂Dead Sea＂implies,it has always been regarded as uninhabitable and deadly. So far,only lower microorganisms（ bacteria,fungi,algae） have been identified in it. In order to try to find higher organized organisms such as filamentous fungi,an international team（ Israel,Ukraine,Germany） was established for the isolation and characterization of active higher fungi in the Dead Sea.Growth,enzyme activities and degradation of dyes（ as an indication of self-cleaning activity） were tested on petri-dishes with agar media of different water types,salinities and incubation temperatures.In summary,as postulated,a number of living strains of filamentous fungi of different systematical and ecological groups were identified. The results on growth characteristics,enzyme activities and dye degradation of selected strains are provided and conclusions drawn.Therefore,it follows： The Dead Sea is not dead! Since,however,the Old Testament calls it not the＂Dead Sea＂but rather the ＂SEA OF SALT＂one could correctly say： ＂The bible is right after all＂.