“中阳”等3个品种沙棘油脂肪酸组成研究

A Study of the Composition of Fatty Acids from Seabuckthorn Oil of “Midday Sun”and Other Three Varieties

对"中阳"、"秋阳"、"金阳"沙棘果皮、种子通过超临界萃取技术提取沙棘油,果肉油通过离心获得,利用气相色谱-质谱联用仪检测不同沙棘油中脂肪酸的组成与含量。结果表明,不同品种沙棘油中脂肪酸组成不同,综合3种不同性质沙棘油,中阳沙棘油中含有10种脂肪酸,金阳沙棘油中含有11种脂肪酸,秋阳沙棘油中含有7种脂肪酸;不同性质沙棘油中脂肪酸组成不同,综合3个不同品种沙棘油,果皮油中含脂肪酸数量最多,为13个,且在3品种中组成各不相同,果肉油中含有7种脂肪酸,种子油中含有6种脂肪酸,且在3品种中组成相同。总的来说,在各类沙棘油中,脂肪酸种类丰富,含量差异很大,其中,以C16:0、C16:1、C16:2、C16:1+16:3含量较高,不饱和脂肪酸含量明显高于饱和脂肪酸含量,沙棘油是一种营养丰富、极具开发潜力的植物油。

For the research 3 local cultivars, ＂Midday Sun＂, ＂Autumn Sun＂ and ＂Golden Sun＂, of the Seabuckthorn were chosen. Firstly oil was extracted from the pulp of the fruit of the 3 cultivar varieties using an industrial centrifuge hydro-extractor and then the oils from the peel and seeds of the 3 Sea-buckthorn cultivar varieties were extracted using the super-critical CO2 method. After extraction of the oils the next phase of the research, testing of composition and contents of the fatty acids within the oil was undertaken and determined using a GC-MS（Gas Chromatograph- Mass Spectrometer）.The results showed that the fatty acids composition was different between the 3 tested varieties. ＂Midday Sun＂ Sea-buckthorn oil contained 10 kinds of fatty acids,in ＂Gold Sun＂ Sea-buckthorn there were 11 kinds of fatty acids, but ＂Autumn Sun＂ had only 7 kinds fatty acids. The fatty acids kinds varied with the Sea-buckthorn oil types, Sea-buckthorn peel oil contained 13 different types of fatty acids. Sea-buckthorn pulp oil contained 7 differing fatty acids while there were 6 kinds in Sea-buckthorn seed oil, this was common across the 3 types of cultivar. To summarise, all the different types of Seabuckthorn oil showed a variety of fatty acids. Tthe fatty acids kinds and contents were significantly different among the 3 cultivars types. Unsaturated fatty acid content was significantly higher than saturated fatty acid content in Sea-buckthorn oil, C16：0、C16：1、C16：2、C16：1＋16：3are the main fatty acids of Sea-buckthorn oil. The results established. that Sea-buckthorn oil is full of nutrient and is a developing and potential plant oil.