学校传染病突发公共卫生事件预防控制研究

Control of schools of public health emergencies of infectious diseases prevention

目的分析学校传染病突发公共卫生事件发生与控制现状,以增强学校对传染病突发公共卫生事件的预防。方法收集2013年7月—2015年7月学校传染病数据,评估分析学校传染病突发公共卫生事件流行病学描述与预防控制效果。结果 2013年7月—2015年7月学校内共发生10起公共卫生事件,均发生在农村中小学内,其中6起流行性腮腺炎,2起水痘,2起流行性感冒。10起学校传染病突发公共卫生事件中,4起为疾控机构报告,6起为当地卫生医疗机构报告。首发病例到报告最长间隔为17.37 d,最短间隔为2.52 d,报告事件到处置最长间隔为2.10 d,最短间隔为0.02 d。结论对于卫生、经济条件较差的农村中小学为流行性腮腺炎、水痘、流行性感冒等传染病突发公共卫生事件高发,因此学校需加强传染病工作管理、落实预防措施,完善联防联控机制,以防传染病流行,保障学生健康。

Objective To analyze the school infectious disease outbreaks and public health events and control the status quo, in order to enhance the school of public health emergencies of infectious disease prevention. Methods Collected the school infectious diseases data in July 2013 to July 2015, assessment analysis of school public health emergencies of infectious diseases described epidemiology and prevention and control effect. Results A total of 10 cases occurred within the school of public health incidents occurred in rural primary and secondary schools from July 2013 to July 2015, in which six cases of mumps, chickenpox 2 cases, 2 cases of influenza. 10 cases of communicable diseases of public health emergencies schools, four from the CDC reporting agency, six cases to local health care agency reports. The first case to report a maximum interval of 17.37 d, a minimum interval of 2.52 d, report the event to the disposal of a maximum interval of 2.10 d, a minimum interval of 0.02 d. Conclusion For sanitation, poor economic conditions of rural primary and secondary schools as mumps, chicken pox, influenza and other infectious diseases of public health emergencies high incidence of infectious diseases and therefore the need to strengthen the work of the school management, the implementation of preventive measures to improve joint prevention and control mechanism to prevent epidemics, protect student health.