褐煤粉改性聚氨酯泡沫塑料应用研究

The lignite powder modified polyurethane foam plastic

以褐煤粉为改性剂,对硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料(RPUF)进行改性,以期扩大褐煤的利用范围,减少聚氨酯原料的使用量,降低成本。首先确定了RPUF的配方,然后加入褐煤煤粉,研究褐煤加入量、反应起始温度、扩链剂加入量对RPUF发泡率、表观密度、压缩强度和热稳定性能的影响。实验结果表明:添加褐煤粉会增大RPUF的发泡率和降低其压缩强度;能提高RPUF的热稳定性;初始温度由10℃到30℃时,发泡率增长了55%,压缩强度下降了54%;4份褐煤添加量时,11份扩链剂能获得665.28%的发泡率和1.49MPa压缩强度,扩链剂的过量加入使得改性RPUF性能迅速恶化:表观密度增大、发泡率和压缩强度降低。

With many advantages such as aromatic molecular structure,easy application and low price,lignite can become a kind of modified material.The lignite was used as modifier to modify rigid polyurethane foam in order to increase the availability of lignite,decreased the use of reactants and reduced the cost.Results of literature review,theoretical calculation and experiments showed that RPUF with good pore structure was prepared at components that polyatomic alcohol 100 phr,isocyanate 110 phr,foaming agent 5phr,foam stabilizer 5phr,catalyst 0.3phr and chain extender 1phr.Then,the lignite was introduced to prepare lignite/rigid polyurethane foam.Results showed that the introduction of lignite played a good effect.Though the excessive enhancement of the reaction made the compressive strength decreased,it proved that the lignite could replace some reactants and reduced the cost.The initial temperature had great influence on the performance of foam.