大模数直齿轮数控精铣削方法的研究

The Study of Method of large Module straight Bevel Gears CNC Precision Milling

针对大模数齿轮加工采用盘形、指状铣刀存在着加工效率低,专用刀具造价昂贵的问题,提出了用普通铣刀数控加工大模数齿轮的方法,涉及走刀方式、走刀步长的确定、切削关键点的处理。依据提出的方法建立了齿轮毛坯与刀具运动关系的数学模型,推导了渐开线上点以及刀位点在该模型中的轨迹方程以及刀具与工件之间运动关系方程。该数学模型在齿轮参数已知的情况下能够计算出刀位点以及刀心按照齿轮渐开线齿廓运动的一系列轨迹,利用MATLAB的数据可视化功能,通过刀位点的轨迹方程计算出刀位点,依据齿轮参数绘制出齿轮基圆以及渐开线齿廓,选择合适的刀具半径绘制刀具轮廓,令刀具轮廓跟随刀位点产生一系列刀具轮廓,从而形象直观的对该数学模型进行验证,在理论上分析了该方法的可行性。

In the peocess of large module straight bevel gears being processed,the disk and finger-like cutters are widely used.but these special cutters are espensive,and the working efficiency is low. So the method of using common milling cutters to machine the large module straight bevel gears are proposed,it involves the tool path mode,the length of the path and how to deal the key points on the path.according to the method,the model reflecting the relationship between the movement of blank and tools are build. the trace equation of the points on the evolent and the cutter location points are worked out.According to gear？parameter drawing the basic circle and involute gear contour,choosing the proper cutter radius to draw cutter profile,making the cutter profile follow the cutter location point to generate a series of cutter profiles,so the mathematic model are vivid and straightforward verified,the method is proved out practicable theoretically.