中日杂交栗“高见甘”选育研究

Breeding research on hybrid chestnut variety “Gaojiangan”

在前期引种、选种、育种基础上，通过品种比较和区域试验进行良种筛选，选育出栗树中日杂交种高见甘，2013年通过辽宁省林木品种审定委员会认定。该品种一方面具有日本栗丰产稳产、果个大的特点，另一方面具有中国板栗品质优、涩皮易剥离的特点。嫁接3～4年生高见甘平均株产5．27kg，平均单果重20．57g，每苞平均含坚果2．1粒，果肉淡黄色，质地细腻，风味香甜，涩皮易剥离，经蒸煮后涩皮极易剥离。在辽宁大连地区9月中下旬果实成熟。高见甘为中日杂交种，对砧木选择性不强，嫁接亲和能力强。另外具有抗粟瘿蜂、耐瘠薄、抗寒性较强等特点，适宜在辽宁省宽句县中部以南、年平均气温8℃以上地区推广。

On the basis of introduction, selection and breeding, hybrid chestnut variety＂ Gaojiangan＂ was bred and selected by varieties comparison and regional test.The new variety was examined and approved by the Tree Variety Appraisal Value Committee of Liaoning Province in 2013.The varieties on the one hand had the characteristics of Japanese chestnut such as high and stable yield and large fi＇uit, on the other hand has Chinese chestnut characteristics i.e.high quality and endocarp of nut easy to strip.ARer 3-4 years of grafting, the average yield of individual tree was 5.27 kg, single nut mean weight was 20.57 g, each chestnut bud contained 2.1 nuts. The flesh was yellow, sticky, fragrant and sweet.The endocarp of nut was easy to strip, and was even easier to peal after stewing. In Dalian, the fiuit matured in middle to late September. ＂Gaojiangan＂was a strain hybridized by Chinese variety and Japanese variety, with low selectivity to stock and stronger grafting affinity.Besides, ＂Gaojiangan＂had properties such as high resistance and tolerance to Dryocosmus kuriphilus, poor soil and cold weather and so on.This variety is suitable to plant in regions south of central Kuandian, Liaoning Province and with the average annual temperature above 8 ℃.