轴端凹球面车削技术的研究与应用

Research and Application of the Turning Technology for Concave Spherical Surface at Shaft End

提出了在普通车床上快速车削轴端凹球面的加工思路和工艺方案,通过切削试验,测试了工艺参数(球面半径R)、结构参数(中心轴至尾套端面距离L)、切削参数(钢丝进给速度v)对球面轮廓度t和表面粗糙度Ra的影响。依据工艺方案和测试结果,设计制作了车削球面中心位置及半径可调的工艺方案。经多次切削加工后得出结论:该工艺方案在普通车床上车削轴端凹球面时,球面轮廓度t、表面粗糙度Ra的平均值分别为25μm、3.2μm。方案填补了普通车床快速、精确加工球面的技术空白。

Presented a technical idea and processing plan for quick-turning of concave spherical surface at shaft end on a plain lathe,by cutting it had tested the influence of process parameters（spherical radius R）, structural parameters（the distance L from center axis to the end surface of tail cone） and cutting parameters（ feed rate of steel wire v） to the spherical profile tolerance t and surface roughness Ra. Based on the processing plan and test results, a process system available to adjust the spherical center radius had been designed and made.Repeated cutting demonstrates that when the process system is introduced for turning of concave spherical surface at shaft end on a plain lathe the average profile tolerance t is 25 μm while the surface roughness Rais 3.2 μm.The technological gap involving fast accurate processing of spherical surface on the lathes is filled up.