中国各省(市)区松脂资源的动态变化及评价

Dynamics and Evaluation of Resin Resources in China

应用2002年和2012年全国森林资源连续清查数据,对中国各省(市)区的采脂松树资源和松脂贮量进行计算估测分析。结果表明,规模采脂松树树种在江西、安徽、四川、湖北、湖南、广东等6省增加了湿地松,江西、广西、湖南、福建、广东、浙江、湖北、安徽、四川、贵州、河南、江苏等地原有的马尾松面积剧减了50%以上。现有16个省(市)区具有采脂松树资源分布,各地的采脂松树和贮脂数量与前期相比较发生了较大变化,采脂松树的面积和松脂贮量云南省均为最多。除西藏、江苏采脂林分的单位面积的蓄积量减少外,其他14个省(市)区采脂林分的单位蓄积量大幅增加,林分质量显著提高。各省(市)区中幼龄林所占的比例大幅减小,近成过熟林比例增高,采脂后续资源贮备不足。总体而言,各省(市)区采脂松林面积减少,但林分质量提高,松脂贮量增加,松脂资源分布由过去主要在沿海向西南内陆地区转移的趋势明显。

By using the data of continuous forest resources inventory of 2002 and 2012, the general resource situation and resin storage of pine for resin tapping in different provinces of China were evaluated and analyzed. The results showed that slash pine was the new tree species for tapping in Jiangxi, Anhui, Sichuan, Hubei, Hunan and Guangdong provinces, and the area of masson pine decreased to half in Jiangxi, Guangxi, Hunan, Fujian, Guangdong, Zhejiang, Hubei, Anhui, Sichuan, Guizhou, Henan and Jiangsu provinces. The pine tree that could be tapped for resin were distributed in 16 provinces in China, however the tree species and the resin storage dramatically changed. Yunnan province is the highest in terms of the area and resin storage. Except Tibetan Autonomous Region and Jiangsu province, the unit stock volume of forest stand of tapping pine dramatically increased in other 14 province. The resource in reserve is insufficient in all different provinces since the percentage of the middle-and-young-aged forest stand decreased while that of the mature and over-mature forest stand increased. In general, the area of pine tree for tapping decreased while the resin storage increased because of the increasing quality of forest stand. The distribution tendency from coastal area to inland southwest is obvious in China.