摘要
中国在城镇化进程中面临很多巨大的挑战,本文从以下几个方面进行简要介绍。1.高速经济增长下的中国城镇化在过去的几十年中,中国经济一直保持着高速增长,国内生产总值(GDP)年均增长率超过10%(图1[1])。近年来,中国经济进入'新常态',GDP增长率有所放缓,但仍稳定在7%左右。高速的发展与中国的城镇化相互结合促进,让4亿农民进入了城市,享受着现代化的都市生活。众所周知,中国在其悠久历史中的大部分时间里是一个传统的农业国家。近90%的人口耕作和生活在农村,只有10%左右的人口居住在城市。
To meet people＇s needs in daily life, production, and recreation, city infrastructure including a wide variety of structures, such as stores, factories, office buildings, houses, roads, and pipelines, have been built. The rapid growth of urban populations, along with people＇s pursuit of a better life, have led to a greater demand for buses, railways, airways, cars, and subways; to larger scales of production, logistics, transportation, and waste; and to the estab- lishment of service facilities, such as mails, banks, sewage treat- ment facilities, telecommunication infrastructures, data centers,
