生物材料在心脏修复和再生中的应用

Application of Biomaterials in Cardiac Repair and Regeneration

心血管疾病是全世界主要致死原因之一。人们对新的干预性治疗手段的需求与日俱增。虽然药物和手术治疗极大地改善了心血管疾病患者的生活质量,但人们还是需要价格更便宜、副作用更小的治疗手段。天然和合成生物材料无论是作为给药载体,还是替代支架的细胞外基质,在心脏修复和再生中都展现出巨大的潜力。本文探讨了目前治疗心血管疾病的几种方式和应用于上述疾病干预性治疗的生物材料;着重研究了导电聚合物在纠正局部缺血性心脏病引发的传导异常及其在心脏起搏器中应用的可能性,以改善心肌梗死状态下的传导路径。

Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of death throughout the world. The demand for new thera- peutic interventions is increasing. Although pharmacological and surgical interventions dramatically improve the quality of life of cardiovascular disease patients, cheaper and less invasive approaches are always preferable. Biomaterials, both natural and synthetic, exhibit great potential in cardiac repair and regeneration, either as a carrier for drug delivery or as an extracellular matrix substitute scaffold. In this review, we discuss the current treatment options for several cardiovascular diseases, as well as types of biomaterials that have been investigated as potential therapeutic interventions for said diseases. We especially highlight investigations into the possible use of conductive polymers for correcting ischemic heart disease-induced conduction abnormalities, and the generation of biological pacemakers to im- orove the conduction oathwav in heart block.